Most coughs are harmless.

But if a cough lasts more than 2–3 weeks, it should be investigated.
Today is World Tuberculosis Day, commemorating the discovery of the TB bacterium by Dr Robert Koch in 1882.

Here are 5 things everyone should know about Tuberculosis (TB):
1) TB mainly affects the lungs
Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that most commonly affects the lungs, although it can affect other parts of the body.

2) A persistent cough is a major warning sign
Symptoms may include:
• Cough lasting more than 2 – 3 weeks
• Fever
• Night sweats
• Weight loss
• Coughing up blood

3) TB spreads through the air
When someone with active TB coughs, sneezes, or speaks, the bacteria can spread to others especially in crowded or poorly ventilated spaces.

4) Some people carry TB without symptoms
This is called latent TB. The bacteria remain in the body but inactive. However, it can become active later, especially if the immune system becomes weak.

5) TB is treatable
Treatment involves a combination of medicines taken for several months. Completing the full course is very important to prevent drug-resistant TB.

In many countries, including Nigeria, the BCG vaccine given at birth helps protect children from severe forms of TB.

Remember:
A cough that lasts more than 2–3 weeks should never be ignored.